英検1級に出そうな単語-So You Want to Be a PLASTIC SURGEON
整形外科の話です。
まず、
"plastic surgeon;整形外科医"
"plastic surgery;整形外科"
です。
かなり重要な単語も多いので選んでみました。
12分で、ちょっと長めで医療単語が難しいです。
しかし、日本語でもわかるものは
区別くらいは出来るようになりたいですね。
"celebrity;有名人、名士、高名"
"boob job;豊胸手術"
"facelift;整形美顔術、シワ取り"
"debunk;誤りを暴く"
"public perception;世間一般の認識"
"dodge;かわす、避ける"
"installment;連載の1回分、分割払いの1回分、取り付け"
"highlight;強調する"
"mold;形つくる、型、カビ"
"manipulation;巧みな操作、操作、ごまかし"
"orthopedic surgery;整形外科学"
"diverse;多様な"→"diversity;多様性"
"aesthetic;美の"
"cosmetic;美顔の、化粧の"
"showbiz;芸能界"
"overwhelming;圧倒的な"
"reconstructive;再建の"
"invasive;侵害の、侵入する、侵略的な"
"botox;シワ取り手術"
"filler;充填、つめもの"
"enhance;高める、増す"
"augmentation;増加、増大"
"liposuction;脂肪吸引法"
"rhinoplasty;鼻形成術"
"blepharoplasty;まぶた整形"
"eyelid;まぶた"
"abdominoplasty;腹形成"→"abdomen;腹部"
"tummy;おなか"
"tuck;挟み込む、押し込む"
"dermabrasion;皮膚切除"
"recon;組換え単位"
"abnormality;異常なもの"
"birth defect;先天性欠損症"
"cleft lip;口唇口蓋裂"→"cleft;cleave;割る、裂くの過去分詞"
"palate;口蓋、味覚"→"palatable;味の良い、美味しい、好みに合う"
"traumatic;心的外傷の、トラウマの"→"trauma;トラウマ"
"mastectomy; 乳房切除"
"innovation;革新"→"innovative;革新的な"
"transplant;移植"
"gender;性別"→"genitalia;生殖器"
"reassignment;配置換え"
"latissimus dorsi;広背筋"
"makeshift;間に合せの"
"biceps;二頭筋"
"flexor;屈筋"
"neuroplasticity;神経可塑性"
"activate;活動的にする、作動させる"
"graft;移植組織、接ぎ木"
"palsy;まひ"
"paralysis;まひ"→"paralyze;まひさせる、しびれさせる"
"hemifacial;片側顔面の"→"hemisphere;半球"
"sural;ふくらはぎの"
"reanimate;生き返させる"
"pros and cons;長所と短所、賛否両論"
"enamor;惹きつける"
"urologist;泌尿器科医"→"urine;尿"
"otolaryngologist;耳鼻科医"
"coverage;範囲、報道、取材"
"unrestricted;制限されていない"
"integrate;統合する、まとめる"
"residency;研修期間、研修医の身分"
"competitive;競争の、競争的な、競争力のある"
"fellowship;専門医研修期間、連帯感、共同"
"tumor;腫瘍"
"anatomy;解剖学"
"craniofacial;顔の"
"bread and butter;本業、生計"
"pathology;病理学"
"suture;縫い合わせる、傷の縫い合わせ、縫合"
"prematurely;通常より早く、時期尚早に"
"blood vessel;血管"→"vessel;管、船"
"intricate;入り組んだ、複雑な"
"carpal;毛根の"
"fracture;骨折、割れ目"
"contracture;拘縮、動かしにくいこと"
"resection;切除、摘出"→"resect;切除する"
" black sheep;やっかい者、変わり者"
"meticulous;細かいことによく気を配る、きちょうめんな"
→"meticulousness;凝り性、緻密さ"
"incredibly;信じられないほど、非常に"
"obsession;取り付くこと、執念、妄想"
"incision;切開、切り口"
"optimize;最適化する"
"scarring;傷跡"→"scar;傷、傷跡を残す"
"compensation;報酬、代償、埋め合わせ"
"reimbursement;払い戻し、返済"→"reimburse;払い戻す"
"worrisome;気になる、やっかいな"
"immunity;免疫、免除"
"mixed bag;寄せ集め"
"board-certified;正式の、正式免許の"→"certified;認定された"
"distinction;区別、特徴、優秀さ、栄誉"
"rigorous;厳格な、厳しい"
"anesthesia;麻酔"
"greed;貪欲、欲張り"
"quackery;いんちき療法"
"bad rap;でっち上げ、ぬれぎぬ、冤罪"
"complication;合併症、複雑なこと"
"misconception;誤解、思い違い"
"aesthetics;美学"
"incorporate;組み込む、合体させる"
"tolerable;耐えられる、我慢のできる、かなりの"
"staple;主要産物、主成分、ホチキスの針"→"stapler;ホチキス"
"closure;閉鎖、結末、締めること"
"blasphemy;冒涜、神への冒涜"
"insanely;極めて、正気でない態度で"→"insane;正気でない、狂気の"
"allergic;アレルギーの"→"allergy;アレルギー"
"insider;内部関係者"
"distil;蒸留する、引き出す"
"tuition;授業料、月謝"
"ace;取る、合格する、負かす"
"USMLE:United States Medical Licensing Examination;米国医師免許試験"
"prolific;多作の、実を結ぶ"
"MCAT:Medical College Admission Test;医療系大学入学試験"
全文
00:00
so you want to be a plastic surgeon you
00:02
like the idea of making millions working
00:04
with celebrities doing boob jobs and
00:06
facelifts not so fast
00:07
we're going to debunk the public
00:09
perception myths of what it means to be
00:10
a plastic surgeon and give it to you
00:12
straight this is the reality of plastic
00:14
surgery and we'll help you decide if
00:16
it's a good field for you dodge dodge of
00:18
all med school insiders calm welcome to
00:20
our next installment in the so you want
00:22
to be series in this series we highlight
00:24
a specific specialty within medicine
00:25
such as plastic surgery and help you
00:27
decide if it's a good fit for you you
00:29
can find the entire list on our so you
00:31
want to be playlist a lot of you have
00:32
asked for plastic surgery in the last
00:34
video so that's what we're covering here
00:36
if you want to see what being a plastic
00:37
surgeon actually looks like check out my
00:39
second channel Kevin jabal MD where I do
00:41
a second series in parallel titled eight
00:44
bay in the life we'll be doing a day in
00:46
the life of a plastic surgeon soon so
00:47
make sure you're subscribed so that you
00:49
don't miss it plastic surgery is all
00:51
about using plastic to make people look
00:53
pretty right no and never repeat those
00:56
words the word plastic comes from the
00:58
Greek word plastic OHS meaning to mold a
01:00
reference to how plastic surgery is
01:01
involved in the reshaping and
01:03
manipulation of tissues
01:05
generally speaking plastic surgeons
01:06
focus on soft tissue such as skin muscle
01:09
and fat rather than bones which are in
01:11
the territory of orthopedic surgeons
01:13
plastic surgery is far more diverse than
01:15
what you probably expect the public is
01:17
most familiar with aesthetic or cosmetic
01:19
plastic surgery that has been
01:21
popularized by celebrities and showbiz
01:23
but the overwhelming majority of actual
01:26
surgical procedures in plastic surgery
01:27
are reconstructive in nature in 2018
01:30
there were five point eight million
01:32
reconstructive surgical procedures in
01:34
the u.s. compared to only one point
01:36
eight million cosmetic surgical
01:37
procedures that being said non-surgical
01:40
minimally invasive cosmetic procedures
01:42
like Botox or fillers are extremely
01:45
popular in 2018 alone there were fifteen
01:48
point nine million non-surgical cosmetic
01:49
procedures so what's the difference
01:51
between cosmetic and reconstructive
01:53
plastic surgery cosmetic plastic surgery
01:56
includes procedures involved with
01:57
enhancing one's appearance the most
01:59
popular cosmetic surgical procedures
02:01
include breast augmentation or boob job
02:03
liposuction rhinoplasty or nose
02:06
reshaping blepharoplasty or eyelid
02:09
surgery and abdominoplasty or tummy tuck
02:12
the most popular cosmetic
02:13
non-surgical procedures include Botox
02:15
injections soft tissue fillers chemical
02:18
peels laser hair removal and
02:20
microdermabrasion reconstructive plastic
02:22
surgery is highly diverse and in my
02:24
personal opinion far more fascinating
02:26
recon includes surgical procedures to
02:28
correct facial and body abnormalities
02:30
that can be caused by birth defects like
02:32
cleft lip or cleft palate injury like
02:34
soft tissue reconstruction for severe
02:36
traumatic injuries disease like breast
02:38
reconstruction after mastectomy for
02:40
breast cancer or aging plastic surgery
02:43
is on the cutting edge of innovation in
02:45
medicine with radical procedures like
02:47
face and hand transplants or even gender
02:49
reassignment surgeries that are so
02:51
convincing you wouldn't believe it
02:53
the first surgical case I saw was an
02:55
animated latissimus dorsi transfer where
02:57
we created a makeshift bicep or rather
03:00
elbow flexor out of a patient's lat
03:02
muscle in their back with the beauty of
03:04
neuroplasticity in the brain the patient
03:06
was able to train themselves to bend the
03:08
elbow by focusing on activating their
03:10
latissimus dorsi muscle I talked more
03:12
about this first case and how I fell in
03:14
love with plastic surgery in a previous
03:16
video link in the description another
03:18
one of my favorites was doing a nerve
03:20
graft to treat Bell's palsy hemifacial
03:21
paralysis in short one side of the
03:24
patient's face was paralyzed
03:25
so we harvested the sural nerve from
03:27
their leg and using micro surgical
03:29
techniques grafted it to their face to
03:31
reanimate to the paralyzed side I know
03:34
straight science fiction between
03:36
cosmetic and reconstructive practices
03:38
one isn't necessarily better than the
03:40
other but there are pros and cons which
03:42
we'll get to shortly I was obviously
03:44
enamored by the complex recon and would
03:46
sometimes tease my cosmetic focused
03:48
colleague that I'm at least helping the
03:50
world and not just trying to make a
03:51
quick buck to which he responded I'm
03:53
also making the world a better place one
03:55
pair of breasts at a time in the
03:56
hospital we call plastic surgeons the
03:58
surgeons surgeon as they are the most
04:00
relied upon by other surgical
04:02
specialists anytime a neurosurgeon
04:04
urologist general surgeon orthopedic
04:06
surgeon otolaryngologist or any other
04:08
surgeon needs help with complex coverage
04:10
in reconstruction they call in the
04:12
plastic surgeons unlike any other
04:14
surgical specialty Plastic Surgery is
04:15
unrestricted by body part they work on
04:18
any part of the body from head to toe
04:20
hands to feet eyelids to genitalia to
04:22
become a plastic surgeon there are two
04:24
paths of training after completing
04:26
Medical School the first
04:27
called the integrated path whereby you
04:29
complete six years of plastic surgery
04:30
residency and this is the path that I
04:32
took this is consistently the number one
04:34
or number two most competitive specialty
04:37
to match into to give you a sense of
04:38
just how competitive this is one of my
04:41
colleagues went into neurosurgery
04:43
another very competitive field because
04:45
he said plastics was too competitive
04:47
if the integrated path is out of reach
04:49
all hope is not lost there is also the
04:51
independent path whereby you first
04:53
complete five years of general surgery
04:54
residency and then apply for an
04:56
additional three years of independent
04:58
plastic surgery residency for a total of
05:00
eight years this route is best suited
05:02
for those who either did not know they
05:04
wanted to go into plastic surgery when
05:05
they were applying to residency or those
05:07
who were unable to match into the
05:09
integrated path after completing
05:11
residency you can practice as a plastic
05:13
surgeon or choose to sub specialize
05:14
further with one to two years of
05:16
fellowship these are the main pockets of
05:18
self specialization you can choose from
05:19
plastic surgeon specializing in breast
05:21
obviously can do breast augmentation but
05:23
also a major part of their practice
05:25
includes breast cancer reconstruction
05:26
after the general surgeon removes the
05:28
tumor the plastic surgeon comes in with
05:30
a variety of techniques and procedures
05:32
to restore a woman's anatomy breast
05:34
surgeons also do breast reductions and
05:36
lifts among other procedures
05:38
craniofacial trained Plastic Surgeons
05:40
specialize in soft tissue reconstruction
05:42
of the head and face their bread and
05:43
butter includes pathologies like cleft
05:45
lip and cleft palate or craniosynostosis
05:47
whereby sutures in the skull fuse
05:50
prematurely resulting in abnormal head
05:52
shapes and babies and they'll even fix
05:54
your broken jaw microsurgery is the most
05:56
innovative and sci-fi sub specialization
05:59
within plastic surgery the micro in
06:01
micro surgery refers to the microscopes
06:03
used when connecting blood vessels or
06:05
nerves together this allows for moving
06:07
tissues around the body like the nerve
06:09
graft for facial reanimation in Bell's
06:11
palsy micro surgical cases are some of
06:13
the longest with some lasting over 24
06:16
hours and it also comes with a
06:18
challenging call scheduled for that
06:20
reason we say micro surgery is a young
06:22
man's sport it's probably not the ideal
06:24
lifestyle when you're 50 years old with
06:26
a family and kids hand was what I fell
06:28
in love with and was planning on
06:30
specializing in the hand has some of the
06:32
most complex intricate and beautiful
06:33
anatomy in the entire human body hand
06:36
surgery includes pathologies like carpal
06:38
tunnel fractures contractures and
06:40
resections and reconstruction burn is
06:42
the black sheep of the family and it's
06:44
not nearly as precise meticulous or fun
06:47
as the rest of plastic surgery that
06:49
being said it's incredibly important as
06:51
burn victims are in great need and last
06:53
aesthetic plastic surgery which is what
06:55
you're likely most familiar with breast
06:57
augmentation rhinoplasty abdominoplasty
06:59
and liposuction are some of the most
07:01
common procedures performed if you
07:03
couldn't already tell I'm enamored with
07:05
plastic surgery the diversity and
07:07
variety you'll experience in plastics is
07:09
second to none
07:10
additionally it's the most innovative
07:12
field in medicine period much of it
07:14
still seems to be science fiction if you
07:17
like precision meticulousness and
07:18
obsession with details plastic surgery
07:21
may be a good fit no other specialty
07:23
obsesses over the most precise way to
07:24
close an incision to optimize healing
07:27
and minimize scarring in medical school
07:28
I found myself reading books on how to
07:30
suture or tie better knots while
07:32
everyone else was more concerned with
07:34
their shelf exams if you're the type of
07:36
person to take interest in such a detail
07:38
Plastics is probably for you pay is more
07:41
variable than other specialties and know
07:43
you're not guaranteed to be driving
07:44
around in a Ferrari or Lamborghini
07:47
academic settings doesn't pay nearly as
07:49
well as aesthetic practices that being
07:52
said you'll still have quite a good
07:53
lifestyle as compensation is above
07:55
average most surgeries are not urgent
07:58
and call isn't so bad however if you do
08:00
choose micro surgery or handle face
08:02
trauma then your call will be far more
08:05
taxing lastly changes in health care and
08:07
reimbursement are worrisome to attending
08:09
physicians of all specialties luckily
08:11
for plastic surgeons they always have
08:13
the option of going to a cash-based
08:14
aesthetic practice thus granting them
08:17
relative immunity to possible decreases
08:19
in reimbursement on a systemic scale no
08:21
specialty is perfect and Plastic Surgery
08:23
is no exception in terms of
08:25
personalities Plastic Surgery is a mixed
08:27
bag because it's a diverse field the
08:30
prospect of making millions as an
08:31
aesthetic surgeon attracts a small
08:33
number of trainees who are more
08:34
concerned with money and appearances
08:36
then actual substance I'm going to teach
08:39
you something that most doctors don't
08:41
even know there's a great deal of
08:42
confusion with plastic surgeons versus
08:44
cosmetic surgeons and this isn't so much
08:46
a problem with plastic surgery as it is
08:48
a problem with branding if you want to
08:50
get cosmetic work done you should go to
08:51
a board-certified plastic surgeon
08:54
plastic surgeons are the masters of all
08:56
cosmetic procedures as they've gone
08:58
through a minimum of six to eight years
09:00
to earn their distinction of being board
09:01
certified in plastic surgery cosmetic
09:03
surgeons on the other hand do not have
09:06
rigorous standards for training I've
09:07
seen non-surgical doctors of various
09:09
specialties from OB kind to anesthesia
09:12
emergency medicine to primary care and
09:14
more touting themselves as cosmetic
09:16
surgeons after completing a weekend
09:18
course on how to do Botox they obviously
09:20
have no business doing any cosmetic
09:23
procedures but greed is a powerful force
09:25
it's dangerous quackery like this that
09:27
gives cosmetic surgery a bad rap and
09:30
results in the horror stories of
09:31
patients having severe complications or
09:33
even dying there's also a common
09:35
misconception that plastic surgery is a
09:36
highly creative and artistic field don't
09:39
get me wrong compared to anything else
09:41
in medicine it definitely is especially
09:43
if you go into aesthetics you are
09:45
incorporating the art and science of
09:47
beauty into your surgical treatment that
09:49
being said it's not like you can go in
09:51
and creatively wing it and do something
09:53
new for any defect or goal and treatment
09:55
there are only a few standards of care
09:57
to choose from that have tolerable risk
09:59
profiles and high rates of success
10:01
plastic surgery isn't for everyone but
10:04
how can you know if it's right for you
10:05
first make sure you actually enjoy the
10:07
bulk of plastic surgery I wasn't
10:09
personally in love with Byrne but
10:11
everything else was so incredibly
10:13
innovative and cool shadow more than
10:15
just one plastic surgeon as the field is
10:17
so diverse and varied scrubbing into a
10:19
micro surgical case will feel entirely
10:22
different than doing aesthetics or even
10:24
craniofacial in terms of personality you
10:26
should be comfortable with almost
10:28
painfully precise attention to detail
10:30
and meticulousness if the thought of
10:33
mastering the art of suturing bores you
10:35
or you prefer the use of staples and
10:37
closures which is blasphemy to a plastic
10:39
surgeon then look elsewhere lastly you
10:41
have to be willing to work your tail off
10:43
plastic surgery is so insanely
10:45
competitive that if you're allergic to
10:47
hard work you might as well look
10:49
elsewhere that doesn't just mean top
10:51
grades in class but also crushing your
10:53
standardized tests having multiple
10:55
publications a strong personal statement
10:57
and of course killer interview skills
10:58
but you don't have to go at it alone
11:01
at med school insiders we've distilled
11:03
our expertise into a systematic and
11:05
repeatable process that delivers results
11:07
use
11:07
these same principles I got a 99.9% I'll
11:10
score on my MCAT full tuition
11:12
scholarship to a top medical school aced
11:14
my USMLE was prolific in research with
11:17
over 60 publications and matched into
11:19
the ultra-competitive specialty of
11:21
plastic surgery as you know I'm a firm
11:23
believer that systems produce results
11:25
that's why my team and I at medical
11:27
insiders obsessed over how to become the
11:29
best admissions consulting and tutoring
11:31
company for future physicians at med
11:33
school insiders our mission is to
11:34
empower a generation of happier
11:36
healthier and more effective future
11:38
doctors from medical school or residency
11:40
application health to crushing your MCAT
11:42
or USMLE we've got your back and our
11:45
results speak for themselves
11:46
we've become the fastest growing company
11:48
in the space with the highest
11:50
satisfaction ratings see for yourself
11:52
and learn more at med school insider's
11:53
calm
11:54
what type of surgeon should I cover in
11:55
the next so you want to be video let me
11:57
know with a comment down below if you
11:59
enjoyed the video please give us a
12:01
thumbs up as it keeps the YouTube gods
12:02
happy as always thank you all so much
12:04
for watching much love to you all and I
12:06
will see you guys in that next one
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